1976年诺贝经济学奖获得者米尔顿•弗里德曼曾说过“企业经营管理者唯一的社会责任就是在合法合规合情合理的前提下尽力追求利润最大化”。( 原文:In a free-enterprise, private-property system, a corporate executive is an employee of the owners of the business. He has direct responsibility to his employers. That responsibility is to conduct the business in accordance with their desires, which generally will be to make as much money as possible while conforming to their basic rules of the society, both those embodied in law and those embodied in ethical custom.)而政府能够做的就是设计合理的市场规则,从而使得企业经营管理者在追求利润极大化时所做出的决策与政府希望他们做的决策一致。
然而,中小企业本身风险高,不确定性大,财务不透明不规范,银行与中小微企业之间的信息不对称性巨大。根据斯蒂格里茨(约瑟夫•斯蒂格里茨是2001年诺贝尔经济学奖获得者之一)和韦斯(Stiglitz and Weiss, 1981)的信息不对称性下的信贷配给(credit rationing)理论,银行基于自身风险管理的逻辑出发,选择不贷款给中小微企业其实是合理的。